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Journal Article List

Most of these references were taken from "Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Practice Guideline Developed by Explicit Methods for The American Society of Hematology".

Additional headings include: ITP in Children, ITP and Pregnancy, ITP in Adults, Gammaglobulin (IVIg), Splenectomy, Methylprednisone, Other Treatments.

General Information

Kurata Y, Miyagawa S, Kosugi S, Kashiwagi H, Honda S, Mizutani H,Tomiyama Y, Kanakyama Y, Matsuzawa Y: High-titer antinuclear antibodies, anti-SSA/Ro antibodies and anti-nuclear RNP antibodies in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Thromb Haemost 71:184, 1994

Stasi R, Stipa E, Masi M, Oliva F, Sciarra A, Perrotti A, Olivieri M, Zaccari G, Gandolfo GM, Galli M, Barbui T, Papa G: Prevalence and clinical significance of elevated antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 84:4203, 1994

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics MU, Hamilton: How to read clinical journals. III. To learn the clinical course and prognosis of disease. Can Med Assoc J 124:869, 1981

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics MU, Hamilton: How to read clinical journals. To distinguish useful from useless or even harmful therapy. Can Med Assoc J 124:1156, 1981

Sackett DL: Rules of evidence and clinical recommendation on the use of antithrombotic drugs. Chest 95:25, 1989 (suppl)

Cook DJ, Guyatt GH, Laupacis A, Sackett DL: Rules of evidence and clinical recommendations on the use of antithrombotic agents. Chest 102:305S, 1992

Guyett GH, Sackett DL, Cook DJ: User's guide to the medical literature. II. How to use an article about therapy or prevention. A. Are the results of the study valid? JAMA 270:2598, 1993

Park RE, Fink A, Brook RH: Physician ratings for appropriate indications for six medical and surgical procedures. Am J Public Health 76:766, 1986

Brook RH, Chassin M, Fink A, Solomon D: A Method for the Detailed Assessment of the Appropriateness of Medical Technologies. A RAND Note. N-3376-HHS. Santa Monica, CA, RAND Corp, 1991

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices: Use of vaccines and immune globulins in persons with altered immunocompetence. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep 42:1, 1993

Eyster ME, Rabkin CS, Hilgartner MW, Aledort LM, Ragni MV, Sprandio J, White GC, Eichinger S, De Moerloose P, Andes WA, Cohen AR, Manco-Johnson M, Bray GL, Schramm W, Hatzakis A, Lederman MM, Kessler CM, Goedert JJ: Human immunodeficiency virus-related conditions in children and adults with hemophilia: rates, relationship to CD4 counts, and predictive value. Blood 81:828, 1993

Payne BA, Pierre RV: Pseudothrombocytopenia: A laboratory artifact with potentially serious consequences. Mayo Clin Proc 59:123, 1984

Savage RA: Pseudoleukocytosis due to EDTA-induced platelet clumping. Am J Clin Pathol 81:317, 1984

Vicari A, Banfi G, Bonini PA: EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopaenia: A 12-month epidemiological study. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 48:537, 1988

Garcia Suarez J, Calero MA, Ricard MP, Krsnik I, Rus GP, Perera F, Merino JL: EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia in ambulatory patients: Clinical characteristics and role of new automated cell-counting in its detection. Am J Hematol 39:146, 1992

Najean Y, Lecompte T: Chronic pure thrombocytopenia in elderly patients: An aspect of the myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer 64:2506, 1989

Zeller M: Rheumatoid arthritis: Food allergy as a factor. Ann. Allerg. 7: 200-239, 1949.

Zussman BM: Food hypersensitivity simulating rheumatoid arthritis. South Med.J. 59: 935-939, 1966.

Skoldstam L, Larsson L, and Lindstrom F: Effects of fasting and lactovegetarian diet on rheumatoid arthritis. Scand. J. Rheum. 8: 249-255, 1979.

Parke AL, Hughes GRV: Rheumatoid arthritis and food: A case study. Br. Med. J. 282: 2027-2029, 1981.

Little CH, Stewart AG, Fennessy MR: Platelet serotonin release in rheumatoid arthritis: A study in food-intolerant patients. Lancet 297-299, 1983.

Kremer JM, Bigauoette J, Michalek AV, et al: Effects of manipulation of dietary fatty acids on clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. lancet 184-187, 1985.

Ratner D, Esgel E, Vigder K: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and milk allergy. J. Roy. Soc. Med. 78: 410-413, 1985.

Darlington LG, Ramsey NW, Mansfield JR: Placebo controlled, blind study of dietary manipulation therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 236-238, 1986.

ITP in Children

Komrower GM, Watson GH: Prognosis in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura of childhood. Arch Dis Child 29:502, 1954

Choi SI, McClure PD: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. Can Med Assoc J 97:562, 1967

Walker RW, Walker W: Idiopathic thrombocytopenia, initial illness and long term follow up. Arch Dis Child 59:316, 1984

Ramos MEG, Newman AJ, Gross S: Chronic thrombocytopenia in childhood. Pediatrics 92:584, 1978

Lusher JM, Zuelzer WW: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. J Pediatr 68:971, 1966

Simons SM, Main CA, Yaish HM, Rutzky J: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Pediatrics 87:16, 1975

Benham ES, Taft LI: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children: Results of steroid therapy and splenectomy. Aust Paediat J 8:311, 1972

Lammi AT, Lovric VA: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: An epidemiologic study. Pediatrics 83:31, 1973

den Ottolander GJ, Gratama JW, deKoning J, Brand A: Long-term follow-up study of 168 patients with immune thrombocytopenia. Scand J Haematol 32:101, 1984

Hoyle C, Darbyshire P, Eden OB: Idiopathic thrombocytopenia in childhood. Scott Med J 31:174, 1986

Zaki M, Hassanein AA, Khalil AF: Childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: Report of 60 cases from Kuwait. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 36:10, 1990

Robb LG, Tiedeman K: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: Predictors of chronic disease. Arch Dis Child 65:502, 1990

Buchanan GR, Holtkamp CA: Prednisone therapy for children with newly diagnosed idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. A randomized clinical trial. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 6:355, 1984

Sartorius JA: Steroid treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Preliminary results of a randomized cooperative study. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 6:165, 1984

Blanchette VS, Luke B, Andrew M, Sommerville-Nielsen S, Barnard D, De Veber B, Gent M: A prospective, randomized trial of high-dose intravenous immune globulin G therapy, oral prednisone therapy, and no therapy in childhood acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura. J Pediatr 123:989, 1993

Woerner SJ, Abildgaard CF, French BN: Intracranial hemorrhage in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Pediatrics 67:453, 1981

Imbach P, d'Apuzzo V, Hirt A, Rossi E, Vest M, Barandun S, Baumgartner C, Morell A, Schoni M, Wagner HP: High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. Lancet 1:1228, 1981

Tamary H, Kaplinsky C, Levy I, Cohen IJ, Yaniv I, Stark B, Goshen Y, Zaizov R: Chronic childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura: Long-term follow-up. Acta Paediatr 83:931, 1994

Reid MM: Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: incidence, treatment, and outcome. Arch Dis Child 72:125, 1995

Halperin DS, Doyle JJ: Is bone marrow examination justified in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? Am J Dis Child 142:508, 1988

Najean Y, Lecompte T: Genetic thrombocytopenia with autosomal dominant transmission: A review of 54 cases. Br J Haematol 74:203, 1990

Pearson HA: The spleen and disturbances of splenic function, in Nathan DG, Oski FA (eds): Hematology of Infancy and Childhood. Philadelphia, PA, Saunders, 1993, p 1058

McWilliams NB, Maurer HM: Acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Am J Hematol 7:87, 1979

Blanchette V, Imbach P, Andrew M, Adams M, McMillan J, Wang E, Milner R, Ali K, Barnard D, Bernstein M, Chan KW, Esseltine D, DeVeber B, Israels S, Kobrinsky N, Luke B: Randomised trial of intravenous immunoglobulin G, intravenous anti-D, and oral prednisone in childhood acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 344:703, 1994

Taub JW, Warrier I, Holtkamp C, Beardsley DS, Lusher JM: Characterization of autoantibodies against the platelet glycoprotein antigens IIb/IIIa in childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura. Am J Hematol 48:104, 1995

Imbach P, Wagner HP, Berchtold W: Intravenous immunoglobulin versus oral corticosteroids in acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. Lancet 2:464, 1985

Bellucci S, Charpak Y, Chastang C, Tobelem G: Low doses v conventional doses of corticoids in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): Results of a randomized clinical trial in 160 children, 223 adults. Blood 71:1165, 1988

Ozsoylu S, Irken G, Karabent A: High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for acute childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Eur J Haematol 42:431, 1989

del Principe D, Menichelli A, Mori PG, De Mattia D, Mancuso G, Carnelli V, Zanesco L, Jankovic M, Calmasini M, Amici A, Miano C, Rosati D, Ciavarella G, Oddo G, Giulotto P, Masera G, Lanza T: Phase II trial of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in childhood chronic thrombocytopenia. Acta Haematol 77:226, 1987

van Hoff J, Ritchey AK: Pulse methylprednisolone therapy for acute childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Pediatr 113:563, 1988

Khalifa AS, Tolba KA, El-Alfy MS, Gadallah M, Ibrahim FH: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in Egyptian children. Acta Haematol 90:125, 1993

Ozsoylu S, Sayli TR, Ozturk G: Oral megadose methylprednisolone versus intravenous immunoglobulin for acute childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 10:317, 1993

Albayrak D, Islek I, Kalaycí AG, Gürses N: Acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura: A comparative study of very high oral doses of methylprednisolone and intravenously administered immune globulin. J Pediatr 125:1004, 1994

Morris HG, Jorgensen JR, Elrick H, Goldsmith RE: Metabolic effects of human growth hormone in corticosteroid-treated children. J Clin Invest 47:436, 1968

Bussel JB, Schulman I, Hilgartner MW, Barandun S: Intravenous use of gammaglobulin in the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura as a means to defer splenectomy. J Pediatr 103:651, 1983

Bussel JB, Goldman A, Imbach P, Schulman I, Hilgartner MW: Treatment of acute idiopathic thrombocytopenia of childhood with intravenous infusions of gammaglobulin. J Pediatr 106:886, 1985

Imholz B, Imbach P, Baumgartner C, Berchtold W, Gaedicke G, Gugler E, Hirt A, Hitzig W, Mueller-Eckhardt C, Wagner HP: Intravenous immunoglobuklin (i.v. IgG) for previously treated acute or for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in childhood: A prospective multicenter study. Blut 56:63, 1988

Becker T, Kuenzlen E, Salama A, Mertens R, Kiefel V, Weib H, Lampert F, Gaedicke G, Mueller-Eckhardt C: Treatment of childhood idiopathic Eur J Pediatr 145:166, 1986

Andrew M, Blanchette VS, Adams M, Ali K, Barnard D, Chan KW, DeVeber LB, Esseltine D, Israels S, Korbrinsky N, Luke B, Milner RA, Woloski BMR, Vegh P: A multicenter study of the treatment of childhood chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with anti-D. J Pediatr 120:522, 1992

Borgna-Pignatti C, Battisti L, Zecca M, Locatelli F: Treatment of chronic childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura with intramuscular anti-D immunoglobulins. Br J Haematol 88:618, 1994

Grosfeld JL, Naffis D, Boles ET Jr, Newton WA Jr: The role of splenectomy in neonatal idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Pediatr Surg 5:166, 1970

Zarella JT, Martin LW, Lampkin BC: Emergency splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. J Pediatr Surg 13:243, 1978

Gaston MH, Verter JI, Woods G, Pegelow G, Kellerher J, Presbury G, Zarkowsky H: Prophylaxis with oral penicillin in children with sickle cell anemia: A randomized trial. N Engl J Med 314:1593, 1986

Hilgartner MW, Lanzkowsky P, Smith CH: The use of azathioprine in refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Acta Paediatr Scand 59:409, 1970

Weinblatt ME, Kochen J, Ortega J: Danazol for children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Dis Child 142:1317, 1988

Cohn RJ, Schwyzer R, Hesseling PB, Poole JE, Naidoo J, Van Heerden C: [alpha]-Interferon therapy for severe chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Am J Hematol 43:246, 1993


ITP and Pregnancy

Burrows RF, Kelton JG: Fetal thrombocytopenia and its relation to maternal thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med 329:1463, 1993

Burrows RF, Kelton JG: Platelets and pregnancy. Chapter 4. Current Obstetric Medicine 2:83, 1993

McCrae KR, Samuels P, Schreiber AD: Pregnancy-associated thrombocytopenia: Pathogenesis and management. Blood 80:2697, 1992

Ballem PJ: Diagnosis and management of thrombocytopenia in obstetric syndromes, in Sacher RA, Brecher ME (eds): Obstetric Transfusion Practice. Bethesda, MD, American Association of Blood Banks, 1993, p 49

Bartholomew JR, Bell WR, Kickler TM, Repke J: Abrupt reversal of gestational autoimmune thrombocytopenia after delivery. A case report. J Reprod Med 34:234, 1989

Rasmus KT, Rottman RL, Kotelko DM, Wright WC, Stone JJ, Rosenblatt RM: Unrecognized thrombocytopenia and regional anesthesia in parturients: a retrospective review. Obstet Gynecol 73:943, 1989

Scott JR, Cruikshank DP, Kochenour NK, Pitkin RM, Warenski JC: Fetal platelet counts in the obstetric managment of immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol 136:495, 1980

Woon KY, Tan KL, Khoo PT: The newborn and maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Singapore Paed Soc 23:71, 1981

Aviles A, Conte G, Ambriz R, Sinco A, Pizzuto J: Table 1. Lack of relation between maternal and neonatal platelet counts. N Engl J Med 305:830, 1981 (abstr)

Karpatkin M, Porges RF, Karpatkin S: Platelet counts in infants of women with autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Effect of steroid administration to the mother. N Engl J Med 305:936, 1981

Cines DB, Dusak B, Tomaski A, Mennuit M, Schreiber AD: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and pregnancy. N Engl J Med 306:826, 1982

Kelton JG, Inwood MJ, Barr RM, Effer SB, Hunter D, Wilson WL, Ginsburg DA: Fetus, placenta, and newborn. The prenatal prediction of thrombocytopenia in infants of mothers with clinically diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 144:449, 1982

Kessler I, Lancet M, Borenstein R, Berrebi A, Mogilner BM: The obstetrical management of patients with immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura. Int J Gynec Obstet 20:23, 1982

Logaridis TE, Doran TA, Scott JG, Gare DG, Comtesse C: The effect of maternal steroid administration on fetal platelet count in immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura. Management of pregnancy and mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 145:147, 1983

Pizzuto J, Aviles A, Niz J: Thrombocytopenia and infant platelet count. Letter to the editor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 146:994, 1983

Rote NS, Nielsen KG, Neilson VD, Hill HR, Scott JR: Studies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of antiplatelet antibody and transient neonatal thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Reprod Immunol 3:178, 1983

Scott JR, Rote NS, Cruikshank DP: Antiplatelet antibodies and platelet counts in pregnancies complicated by autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol 145:932, 1983

Laros RK, Kagan R: Route of delivery for patients with immune thrombocytopenia purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol 148:901, 1984

Karpatkin M: Clinical and laboratory observations. Corticosteroid therapy in thrombocytopenic infants of women with autoimmune thrombocytopenia. J Pediatr 105:623, 1984

Wahbeh CJ, Eden RD, Killam AP, Gall SA: Pregnancy and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Letter to the editor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 149:238, 1984

Wenske G, Gaedicke G, Heyes H: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy and neonatal period. Blut 48:377, 1984

Barbui T, Cortelazzo S, Viero P, Buelli M, Casarotto C: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and pregnancy. Maternal platelet count and antiplatelet antibodies do not predict the risk of neonatal thrombocytopenia. La Ricerca Clin Lab 15:139, 1985

Mazzucconi MG, Francesconi M, Fidani P, Conti L, Martelli MC, Paesano R, Pachi' A: Pregnancy, delivery and detection of antiplatelet antibodies in women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Haematologica 70:506, 1985

White R: Pregnancy complicated by immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Ir Med J 80:97, 1987

Moise KJ Jr, Carpenter RJ Jr, Cotton DB, Wasserstrum N, Kirshon B, Cano L: Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling in the evaluation of fetal platelet counts in pregnant patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura. Obstet Gynecol 72:346, 1988

Scioscia AL, Grannum AT, Copel JA, Hobbins JC: The use of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling in immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol 159:1066, 1988

Tchernia G: Immune thrombocytopenia purpura and pregnancy. Curr Stu Hematol Blood Transf 55:81, 1988

Ballem PJ, Buskard N, Wittman BK, Wilson RD, Effer S, Farquharson D: ITP in pregnancy: Use of the bleeding time as an indicator for treatment. Blut 59:132, 1989

Dan U, Barkai G, David B, Goldenberg M, Kukkia E, Mashiach S: Management of labor in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Gynecol Obstet Invest 27:193, 1989

Burrows RF, Kelton JG: Thrombocytopenia at delivery: A prospective survey of 6715 deliveries. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162:731, 1990

Christiaens GCML, Nieuwenhuis HK, von dem Borne AEGK, Ouwehand WH,Helmerhorst FM, van Dalen CM, Van der Tweel I: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy: A randomized trial on the effect of antenatal low dose corticosteroids on neonatal platelet count. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 97:893, 1990

Kaplan C, Daffos F, Forestier F, Tertian G, Catherine N, Pons JC, Tchernia G: Fetal platelet counts in thrombocytopenic pregnancy. Lancet 336:979, 1990

Moutet A, Fromont P, Farcet J-P, Rotten D, Bettaieb A, Duédari N, Bierling P: Pregnancy in women with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Intern Med 150:2141, 1990

Samuels P, Bussel JB, Braitman LE, Tomaski A, Druzin ML, Mennuti MT, Cines DB: Estimation of the risk of thrombocytopenia in the offspring of pregnant women with presumed immune thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 323:229, 1990

Sharon R, Tatarsky I: Low fetal morbidity in pregnancy associated with acute and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol 46:87, 1994

Burrows RF, Kelton JG: Pregnancy in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: Assessing the risks for the infant at delivery. Obstet Gynecol Survey 48:781, 1993

Browning J, James D: Immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Fetal Med Rev 2:143, 1990

Cook RL, Miller RC, Katz VL, Cefalo RC: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy: A reappraisal of management. Obstet Gynecol 78:578, 1991

Garmel SH, Craigo SD, Morin LM, Crowley JM, D'Alton ME: The role of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling in the management of immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Prenatal Diagnosis 15:439, 1995

Daffos F, Capella-Pavlovsky M, Forestier F: Fetal blood sampling during pregnancy with the use of a needle guided by ultrasound: A study of 606 consecutive cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 153:655, 1985

Pielet BW, Socol ML, MacGregor SN, Ney JA, Dooley SL: Cordocentesis: An appraisal of risks. Am J Obstet Gynecol 159:1497, 1988

Paidas MJ, Berkowitz RL, Lynch L, Lockwood CJ, Lapinski R, McFarland JG, Bussel JB: Alloimmune thrombocytopenia: Fetal and neonatal losses related to cordocentesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 172:475, 1995

Christiaens GCML, Helmerhorst FM: Validity of intrapartum diagnosis of fetal thrombocytopenia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 157:864, 1987

Burrows RF, Kelton JG: Low fetal risks in pregnancies associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol 163:1147, 1990

Adams DM, Bussel JB, Druzin ML: Accurate intrapartum estimation of fetal platelet count by fetal scalp sample smear. Am J Perinatol 11:42, 1994

Rayburn WF: Glucocorticoid therapy for rheumatic diseases: Maternal, fetal, and breast-feeding considerations. Am J Reprod Immunol 28:138, 1992

Mulvihill JJ, McKeen EA, Rosner F, Zarrabi MH: Pregnancy outcome in cancer patients. Experience in a large cooperative group. Cancer 60:1143, 1987

Garber JE: Long-term follow-up of children exposed to utero to antieoplastic agents. Semin Oncol 16:437, 1989

Ostensen M: Treatment with immunosuppressive and disease modifying drugs during pregnancy and lactation. Am J Reprod Immunol 28:148, 1992

Andrew M, Castle V, Salgal S, Carter C, Kelton JG: Clinical impact of neonatal thrombocytopenia. J Pediat 110:457, 1987

Ballin A, Andrew M, Ling E, Perlman M, Blanchette V: High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin therapy for neonatal autoimmune thrombocytopenia. J Pediatr 112:789, 1988


ITP in Adults

Hirsch EO, Dameshek W: "Idiopathic" thrombocytopenia. Review of eighty-nine cases with particular reference to the differentiation and treatment of acute (self-limited) and chronic types. Arch Intern Med 88:701, 1951

Lacey JV, Penner JA: Management of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in the adult. Semin Thromb Hemost 3:160, 1977

Slichter SL, Harker LA: Thrombocytopenia: Mechanisms and management of defects in platelet production. Clin Haematol 7:523, 1978

Gmur J, Burger J, Schanz U, Fehr J, Schaffner A: Safety of stringent prophylactic platelet transfusion policy for patients with acute leukemia. Lancet 338:1223, 1991

Lawrence JB, Yomtovian RA, Dillman C, Masarik SR, Chongkolwatana V, Creger RJ, Manka A, Hammons T, Lazarus HM: Reliability of automated platelet counts: Comparison with manual method and utility for prediction of clinical bleeding. Am J Hematol 48:244, 1995

Schattner E, Bussel J: Mortality in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Report of seven cases and consideration of prognostic indicators. Am J Hematol 46:120, 1994

Mazzucconi MG, Francesconi M, Fidani P, Nucci GD, Gandolfo GM, Afeltra A, Masala C, Prima MD, Rocchi G, Resta S, Mandelli F: Treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: results of a multicentric protocol. Haematologia 70:329, 1985

Guthrie TH, Brannan DP, Prisant LM: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in the older adult patient. Am J Med Sci 296:17, 1988

Cortelazzo S, Finazzi G, Buelli M, Molteni A, Viero P, Barbui T: High risk of severe bleeding in aged patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 77:31, 1991

Watson-Williams EJ, Macpherson AIS, Davidson S: The treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 2:221, 1958

Carpenter AF, Wintrobe MM, Fuller EA, Haut A, Cartwright GE: Treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. JAMA 171:1911, 1959

Thompson RL, Moore RA, Hess CE, Wheby MS, Leavell BS: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Intern Med 130:730, 1972

Meyers MC: Results of treatment in 71 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Med Sci 242:295, 1961JiJi RM, Firozvi T, Spurling CL: Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Intern Med 132:380, 1973

Picozzi VJ, Roeske WR, Creger WP: Fate of therapy failures in adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Med 69:690, 1980

Ikkala E, Kivilaakso E, Kotilainen M, Hastbacka J: Treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. Ann Clin Res 10:83, 1978

DiFino SM, Lachant NA, Kirshner JJ, Gottlieb AJ: Adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Clinical findings and response to therapy. Am J Med 69:430, 1980

Jacobs P, Wood L, Dent DM: Results of treatment in immune thrombocytopenia. Quart J Med 226:153, 1986

Pizzuto J, Ambriz R: Therapeutic experience on 934 adults with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: multicentric trial of the cooperative Latin American group on hemostasis and thrombosis. Blood 64:1179, 1984

Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Johannes CB, Sandler A, Harmon D, Stolley PD, Shapiro S: Acute thrombocytopenic purpura in relation to the use of drugs. Blood 82:2714, 1993

Doan CA, Bouroncle BA, Wiseman BK: Idiopathic and secondary thrombocytopenic purpura: Clinical study and evaluation of 381 cases over a period of 28 years. Ann Intern Med 53:861, 1960

Wanachiwanawin W, Visudhiphan S, Piankijagum A, Vatanavicharn S: Serious complications following treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Postgrad Med J 64:426, 1988

Gammaglobulin (IVIg)

Warrier IA, Lusher JM: Intravenous gammaglobulin (gamimune) for treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): A two-year follow-up. Am J Hematol 23:323, 1986

Bussel JB, Fitzgerald-Pederson J, Feldman C: Alternation of two doses of intravenous gammaglobulin in the maintenance treatment of patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: More is not always better. Am J Hematol 33:184, 1990

Duhem C, Dicato MA, Ries F: Side-effects of intravenous immune globulins. Clin Exp Immunol 97:79, 1994 (suppl 1)

Sekul EA, Cupler EJ, Dalakas MC: Aseptic meningitis associated with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy: Frequency and risk factors. Ann Intern Med 121:259, 1994

Thomas MJ, Misbah SA, Chapel HM, Jones M, Elrington G, Newsom-Davis J: Hemolysis after high-dose intravenous Ig. Blood 82:3789, 1993

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Outbreak of hepatitis C associated with intravenous immunoglobulin administration--United States, October 1993-June 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 43:505, 1994

Bjoro K, Froland SS, Yun Z, Samdal H, Haaland T: Hepatitis C infection in patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia after treatment with contaminated immune globulin. New Eng J Med 331:1607, 1994

Yu MW, Mason BL, Guo ZP, Tankersley DL, Nedjar S, Mitchell FD, Biswas RM: Hepatitis C transmission associated with intravenous immunoglobulins. Lancet 345:1173, 1995

Schiano TD, Bellary SV, Black M: Possible transmission of hepatitis C virus infection with intravenous immunoglobulin. Ann Int Med 122:802, 1995

Bierling P, Farcet JP, Dvedari N, Rochant H: Gamma globulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 307:1150, 1982

Newland AC, Treleaven JG, Minchinton RM, Waters AH: High-dose intravenous IgG in adults with autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Lancet 1:84, 1983

Solal-Celigny P, Bernard JF, Herrera A, Boivin P: Treatment of adult autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura with high-dose intravenous plasmin-cleaved gammaglobulins. Scand J Haematol 31:39, 1983

Abe T, Matsuda J, Kawasugi K, Yoshimura Y, Kinoshita T, Kazama M: Clinical effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blut 47:69, 1983

Kurata Y, Tsubakio T, Yonezawa T, Tarui S: High-dose gammaglobulin therapy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. Acta Haematol 69:391, 1983

Carroll RR, Noyes WD, Rosse WF, Kitchens CS: Intravenous immunoglobulin administration in the treatment of severe chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Med 76:181, 1984

Oral A, Nusbacher J, Hill JB, Lewis JH: Intravenous gamma globulin in the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. Am J Med 187, 1984

Uchino H, Yasunaga K, Akatsuka J: A cooperative clinical trial of high-dose immunoglobulin therapy in 177 cases of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Thromb Haemost 51:182, 1984

Schmidt RE, Budde U, Broschen-Zywietz C, Schafer G, Mueller-Eckhardt C: High dose gammaglobulin therapy in adults with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) clinical effects. Blut 48:19, 1984

Lang JM, Faradji A, Giron C, Bergerat JP, Oberling F: High-dose intravenous IgG for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. Blut 49:95, 1984

Kurlander R, Coleman RE, Moore J, Gockerman J, Rosse W, Siegal R: Comparison of the efficacy of a two-day and a five-day schedule for infusing intravenous gamma globulin in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. Amer J Med 83:17, 1987 (suppl 4A)

Bussel JB, Pham LC, Aledort L, Nachman R: Maintenance treatment of adults with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura using repeated intravenous infusions of gammaglobulin. Blood 72:121, 1988

Rodeghiero F, Schiavotto C, Castaman G, Vespignani M, Ruggeri M, Dini E: A follow-up study of 49 adult patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treated with high-dose immunoglobulins and anti-D immunoglobulins. Haematologia 77:248, 1992

Godeau B, Lesage S, Divine M, Wirquin V, Farcet JP, Bierling P: Treatment of adult chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura with repeated high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin. Blood 82:1415, 1993

Tan E, Hajinazarian M, Bay W, Neff J, Mendell JR: Acute renal failure resulting from intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. Arch Neurol 50:137, 1993

Ruggeri M, Castaman G, De Nardi G, Rodeghiero F: Acute renal failure after high-dose intravenous immune globulin in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Haematologica 78:338, 1993

Rault R, Piraino B, Johnston JR, Oral A: Pulmonary and renal toxicity of intravenous immunoglobulin. Clin Nephrol 36:83, 1991

Woodruff RK, Grigg AP, Firkin FC, Smith IL: Fatal thrombotic events during treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenia with intravenous immunoglobulin in elderly patients. Lancet 2:217, 1986

Dalakas MC: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin and serum viscosity: Risk of precipitating thromboembolic events. Neurology 44:223, 1994

Salama A, Mueller-Eckhardt C, Kiefel V: Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in immune thrombocytopenia. Competitive inhibition of reticuloendothelial system function by sequestration of autologous red blood cells? Lancet 2:193, 1983

Ginsberg JS, Brill-Edwards P, Kowalchuk G, Hirsh J: Intermittent compression units for the postphlebitic syndrome. A pilot study. Arch Intern Med 149:1651, 1989

Escolar G, Cases A, Monteagudo J, Garrido M, Lopez J, Ordinas A, Revert L, Castillo R: Uremic plasma after infusion of desmopression (DDAVP) improves the interaction of normal platelets with vessel subendothelium. J Lab Clin Med 114:36, 1989


Splenectomy

Law C, Marcaccio M, Tam P, Heddle N, Kelton JG: High-dose intravenous immune globulin and the response to splenectomy in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic
purpura N Engl J. Med 336 (21):1494, 1997

Brooks PL, O'Shea MJ, Pryor JP: Splenectomy in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Surg 56:861, 1969

Davis PW, Williams DA, Shamberger RC: Immune thrombocytopenia: Surgical therapy and predictors of response. J Pediatr Surg 26:407, 1991

Styrt B: Infection associated with asplenia: Risks, mechanisms, and prevention. Am J Med 88:5-33N, 1990

Lortan JE: Clinical annotation. Management of asplenic patients. Br J Haematol 84:566, 1993

Schilling RF: Estimating the risk for sepsis after splenectomy in hereditary spherocytosis. Ann Intern Med 122:187, 1995

McIntyre OR, Ebaugh FGJ: Palpable spleens in college freshmen. Ann Intern Med 66:301, 1967

Whipple AO: Splenectomy as a therapeutic measure in thrombocytopenic purpura haemorrhagica. Surg Gynecol Obstet 42:329, 1926

Block GE, Evans R, Zajtchuk R: Splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Surg 92:484, 1966

Wilde RC, Ellis LD, Cooper WM: Splenectomy for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Surg 95:344, 1967

Charlesworth D, Torrance HB: Splenectomy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Surg 55:437, 1968

Brennan MF, Rappeport JM, Moloney WC, Wilson RE: Correlation between response to corticosteroids and splenectomy for adult thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Surg 129:490, 1975

Schwartz SI, Hoepp LM, Sachs S: Splenectomy for thrombocytopenia. Surgery 88:497, 1980

Gruenberg JC, Block MA, Van Slyck EJ, Abraham JP: Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Effective preoperative preparation and long-term results of splenectomy. Henry Ford Hosp Med J 30:59, 1982

Musser G, Lazar G, Hocking W, Busuttil RW: Splenectomy for hematologic disease. The UCLA experience with 306 patients. Ann Surg 200:40, 1984

Salky B, Katsoyannis G, Aufses AH, Jr., Kreel I: Splenectomy for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Mount Sinai J Med 51:287,1984

Rocco MV, Stein RS: Prognostic factors for splenectomy response in adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Southern Med J 77:983, 1984

Boughton BJ, Smith P, Fielding J, Hawker R, Wilson I, Chandler S, Howie A: Size of spleen rather than amount of platelet sequestration may determine long term response to splenectomy in adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Clin Path 38:1172, 1985

Cola B, Tonielli E, Sacco S, Brulatti M, Franchini A: Surgical treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Results in 107 cases. Int Surg 71:195, 1986

Coon WW: Splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Sur Gynecol Obstet 164:225, 1987

Akwari OE, Itani KMF, Coleman RE, Rosse WF: Splenectomy for primary and recurrent immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Ann Surg 206:529, 1987

Wanachiwanawin W, Piankijagum A, Sindhvananda K, Vathanophas V, Visudhiphan S, Na-Nakorn S: Emergency splenectomy in adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. A report of seven cases. Arch Intern Med 149:217, 1989

Fabris F, Zanatta N, Casonato A, Randi ML, Luzzatto G, Girolami A: Response to splenectomy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: prognostic value of the clinical and laboratory evaluation. Acta Haematol 81:28, 1989

Shaw JHF, Clark MA: Splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Auckland experience 1979-1987. Aust NZ J Surg 59:123, 1989

Fenaux P, Caulier MT, Hirschauer C, Beuscart R, Goudemand J, Bauters F: Reevaluation of the prognostic factors for splenectomy in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): A report on 181 cases. Eur J Haematol 42:259, 1989

Julia A, Araguas C, Rossello J, Bueno J, Domenech P, Olona M, Guardia R, Petit J, Flores A: Lack of useful clinical predictors of response to splenectomy in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 76:250, 1990

Naouri A, Feghali B, Chabal J, Boulez J, Dechavanne M, Viala JJ, Tissot E: Results of splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Review of 72 cases. Acta Haematol 89:200, 1993

Rattner DW, Ellman L, Warshaw AL: Portal vein thrombosis after elective splenectomy: An underappreciated, potentially lethal syndrome. Arch Surg 128:565, 1993

Petit P, Bret PM, Atri M, Hreno A, Casola G, Gianfelice D: Splenic vein thrombosis after splenectomy: Frequency and role of imaging. Radiology 190:65, 1994

Verheyden CN, Beart RW, Clifton MD, Phyliky RL: Accessory splenectomy in management of recurrent idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Mayo Clin Proc 53:442, 1978

Pawelska S, Konopka L, Zdziechowska H: Recurrence of thrombocytopenia in patients splenectomized for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blut 43:355, 1981

Rudowski WJ: Accessory spleens: clinical significance with particular reference to the recurrence of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. World J Surg 9:422, 1985

Wallace D, Fromm D, Thomas D: Accessory splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Surgery 91:134, 1982

Ambriz R, Munoz R, Quintanar E, Sigler L, Aviles A, Pizzuto J: Accessory spleen compromising response to splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Radiology 155:793, 1985

Gibson J, Rickard KA, Bautovich G, May J, Kronenberg H: Management of splenectomy failures in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura: role of accessory splenectomy. Aust N Z J Med 16:695, 1986

Facon T, Caulier MT, Fenaux P, Plantier I, Marchandise X, Ribet M, Jouet JP, Bauters F: Accessory spleen in recurrent chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol 41:184, 1992

Chirletti P, Cardi M, Barillari P, Vitale A, Sammartino P, Bolognese A, Caiazzo R, Ricci M, Muttillo IA, Stipa V: Surgical treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura. World J Surg 16:1001, 1992


Methylprednisone

von dem Borne AEGK, Vos JJE, Pegels JG, Thomas LLM, van der Lelie H: High dose intravenous methylprednisolone or high dose intravenous gammaglobulin for autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Br Med J 296:249, 1988

Godeau B, Zini J-M, Schaeffer A, Bierling P: High-dose methylprednisolone is an alternative treatment for adults with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to intravenous immunoglobulins and oral corticosteroids. Am J Hematol 48:282, 1995

Jacobs P, Wood L, Novitzky N: Intravenous gammaglobulin has no advantages over oral corticosteroids as primary therapy for adults with immune thrombocytopenia: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Am J Med 97:55, 1994

Laan RFJM, va Riel PLCM, van de Putte LBA, van Erning LJTO, van't Hof MA, Lemmens JAM: Low-dose prednisone induces rapid reversible axial bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized, controlled study. Ann Intern Med 119:963, 1993

Bouroncle BA, Doan CA: Treatment of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. JAMA 207:2049, 1969

Saag KG, Koehnke R, Caldwell JR, Brasington R, Burmeister LF, Zimmerman B, Kohler JA, Furst DE: Low dose long-term corticosteroid therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: an analysis of serious adverse effects. Am J Med 96:115, 1994


Other Treatments

Bussel JB, Graziano JN, Kimberly RP, Pahwa S, Aledort LM: Intravenous anti-D treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Analysis of efficacy, toxicity, and mechanism of effect. Blood 77:1884, 1991

Reiquam CW, Prosper JC: Fresh plasma transfusions in the treatment of acute thrombocytopenic purpura. J Pediatr 68:880, 1966

Salama A, Kiefel V, Amberg R, Mueller-Eckhardt C: Treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura with Rhesus antibodies (anti-Rho(D)). Blut 49:29, 1984

Salama A, Kiefel V, Mueller-Eckhardt C: Effect of IgG anti-Rho(D) in adult patients with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol 22:241, 1986

Boughton BJ, Chakraverty R, Baglin TP, Simpson A, Galvin G, Rose P, Rohlova B: The treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenia with anti-D(Rho) immunoglobulin: its effectiveness, safety and mechanism of action. Clin Lab Haematol 10:275, 1988

van Geet C, Hauglustaine D, Vanrusselt M, Vermylen J: Haemostatic effects of recombinant human erythropoietin in chronic haemodialysis patients. Thromb Haemost 61:117, 1989

Catovsky D, Fooks J, Richards S: Prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: The importance of age, sex and response to treatment in survival. A report from the MRC CLL 1 trial. Br J Haematol 72:141, 1989

Calverley DC, Jones GW, Kelton JG: Splenic radiation for corticosteroid-resistant immune thrombocytopenia. Ann Int Med 116:977, 1992

Caulier MT, Darloy F, Rose C, Camier G, Morel P, Bauters F, Fenaux P: Splenic irradiation for chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in patients with contra-indications to splenectomy. Br J Haematol 91:208, 1995

Miyazaki M, Itoh H, Kaiho T, Ohtawa S, Ambiru S, Hayashi S, Nakajima N, Oh H, Asai T, Iseki T: Partial splenic embolization for the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Roentgenol 163:123, 1994

Bouroncle BA, Doan CA: Refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treated with azathioprine. N Engl J Med 275:630, 1966

Sussman LN: Azathioprine in refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. JAMA 202:259, 1967

Quiquandon I, Fenaux P, Caulier MT, Pagniez D, Huart JJ, Bauters F: Re-evaluation of the role of azathioprine in the treatment of adult chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: A report on 53 cases. Br J Haematol 74:223, 1990

Kyle RA, Gertz MA: Second malignancies after chemotherapy, in Perry MC (ed): The Chemotherapy Sourcebook. Baltimore, MD, Williams and Wilkins, 1992, p 689

Doll DC, Ringenberg QS, Yarbo JW: Antineoplastic agents and pregnancy. Semin Oncol 16:337, 1989

Laros RK, Penner JA: "Refractory" thrombocytopenic purpura treated successfully with cyclophosphamide. JAMA 215:445, 1971

Verlin M, Laros RK, Penner JA: Treatment of refractory thrombocytopenic purpura with cyclophosphamide. Am J Hematol 1:97, 1976

Weinerman B, Maxwell I, Hryniuk W: Intermittent cyclophosphamide treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Can Med Assoc J 111:1100, 1974

Srichaikul T, Boonpucknavig S, Archararit N, Chaisiri-pumkeeree W: Chronic immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura. Results of cyclophosphamide therapy before splenectomy. Arch Intern Med 140:636, 1980

Reiner A, Gernsheimer T, Slichter SJ: Pulse cyclophosphamide therapy for refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 85:351, 1995

Smith AG, Prentice AG, Lucie NP, Browning JD, Dagg JH, Rowan RM: Acute myelogenous leukaemia following cytotoxic therapy: five cases and a review. Quart J Med 51:227, 1982

Krause JR: Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): development of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia subsequent to treatment with cyclophosphamide. Med Pediatr Oncol 10:61, 1982

Ahn YS, Harrington WJ, Seelman RC, Eytel CS: Vincristine therapy of idiopathic and secondary thrombocytopenias. N Engl J Med 291:376, 1974 &cmd[;jf51&cmd];

Burton IE, Roberts BE, Child JA, Montgomery DA, Raper CGL: Responses to vincristine in refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br Med J 2:918, 1976

Ahn YS, Byrnes JJ, Harrington WJ, Cayer ML, Smith DS, Brunskill DE, Pall LM: The treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenia with vinblastine-loaded platelets. N Engl J Med 298:1101, 1978

Cervantes F, Rozman C, Feliu E, Montserrat E, Diumenjo C, Granena A: Low-dose vincristine in the treatment of corticosteroid-refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in non-splenectomized patients. Postgrad Med J 56:711, 1980

Kelton JG, McDonald JWD, Barr RM, Walker I, Nicholson W, Neame PB, Hamid C, Wong TY, Hirsh J: The reversible binding of vinblastine to platelets: implications for therapy. Blood 57:431, 1981

Ahn YS, Harrington WJ, Mylvaganam R, Allen LM, Pall LM: Slow infusion of vinca alkaloids in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Ann Intern Med 100:192, 1984

Manoharan A: Slow infusion of vincristine in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol 21:135, 1986

Simon M, Jouet J, Fenaux P, Pollet J, Walter M, Bauters F: The treatment of adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Infusion of vinblastine in ITP. Eur J Haematol 39:193, 1987

Linares M, Cervero A, Sanchez M, Garcia S, Miguel-Sosa A, Miguel-Garcia A, Miguel-Borja JM: Slow infusion of vincristine in the treatment of refractory thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Haematol 80:173, 1988

Fenaux P, Quiquandon I, Caulier MT, Simon M, Walter MP, Bauters F: Slow infusions of vinblastine in the treatment of adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a report on 43 cases. Blut 60:238, 1990

Manoharan A: Targeted-immunosuppression with vincristine infusion in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia. Aust NZ J Med 21:405, 1991

Facon T, Caulier MT, Wattel E, Jouet JP, Bauters F, Fenaux P: A randomized trial comparing vinblastine in slow infusion and by bolus i.v. injection in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: A report on 42 patients. Br J Haematol 86:678, 1994

Ahn YS, Harrington WJ, Simon SR, Mylvaganam R, Pall LM, So AG: Danazol for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 308:1396, 1983

Buelli M, Cortelazzo S, Viero P, Minetti B, Comotti B, Bassan R, Barbui T: Danazol for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Haematol 74:97, 1985

McVerry BA, Auger M, Bellingham AJ: The use of danazol in the management of chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 61:145, 1985

Almagro D: Danazol in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Haematol 74:120, 1985

Ambriz R, Pizzuto J, Morales M, Chavez G, Guillen C, Aviles A: Therapeutic effect of danazol on metrorrhagia in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Nouv Rev Fr Hematol 28:275, 1986

Mazzucconi MG, Francesconi M, Falcione E, Ferrari A, Gandolfo GM, Ghiradini A, Tirindelli MC: Danazol therapy in refractory chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Haematol 77:45, 1987

Manoharan A: Danazol therapy in patients with immune cytopenias. Aust NZ J Med 17:613, 1987

Schreiber AD, Chien P, Tomaski A, Cines DB: Effect of danazol in immune thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 316:503, 1987

Kotlarek-Haus S, Podolak-Dawidziak M: Danazol in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura resistant to corticosteroids. Folia Haematol 114:768, 1987

Ahn YS, Mylvaganam R, Garcia RO, Kim CI, Palow D, Harrington WJ: Low-dose danazol therapy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Ann Intern Med 107:177, 1987

Nalli G, Sajeva MR, Maffe GC, Ascari E: Danazol therapy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Haematologia 73:55, 1988

Ahn YS, Rocha R, Mylvaganam R, Garcia R, Duncan R, Harrington WJ: Long-term danazol therapy in autoimmune thrombocytopenia: unmaintained remission and age-dependent response in women. Ann Intern Med 111:723, 1989

Edelmann DZ, Knobel B, Virag I, Meytes D: Danazol in non-splenectomized patients with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Postgrad Med J 66:827, 1990

Flores A, Carles J, Junca J, Abella E: Danazol therapy in chronic immume thrombocytopenic purpura. Eur J Haematol 45:109, 1990

Arrowsmith JB, Dreis M: Thrombocytopenia after treatment with Danazol. N Engl J Med 314:585, 1986

Rabinowe SN, Miller KB: Danazol-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 65:383, 1987

Laveder F, Marcolongo R, Zamboni S: Thrombocytopenic purpura following treatment with danazol. Br J Haematol 90:970, 1995

Brox AG, Howson-Jan K, Fauser AA: Treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with ascorbate. Br J Haematol 70:341, 1988

Toyama K, Ohyashiki K, Nehashi Y, Ohyashiki JH: Ascorbate for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 75:623, 1990

Win N, Matthey F, Davies SC: Ascorbate for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 75:626, 1990

Verhoef GEG, Boonen S, Boogaerts MA: Ascorbate for the treatment of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 74:234,1990

Godeau B, Bierling P: Treatment of chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura with ascorbate. Br J Haematol 75:289, 1990

Novitzky N, Wood L, Jacobs P: Treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura with ascorbate. South African Med J 81:44, 1992

Van der Beek-Boter JW, Van Oers MHJ, Von dem Borne AEGK, Klaassen RJL: Ascorbate for the treatment of ITP. Eur J Haematol 48:61, 1992

Jubelirer SJ: Pilot study of ascorbic acid for the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol 43:44, 1993

Strother SV, Zuckerman KS, LoBuglio AF: Colchicine therapy for refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Intern Med 144:2198, 1984

Jim RTS: Therapeutic use of colchicine in thrombocytopenia. Hawaii Med J 45:221, 1986

Snyder HW, Cochran SK, Balint JP, Bertram JH, Mittelman A, Guthrie TH, Jones FR: Experience with protein A-immunoadsorption in treatment-resistant adult immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 79:2237, 1992

Balint JP Jr, Snyder HW Jr, Cochran SK, Jones FR: Long-term responseof immune thrombocytopenia to extracorporeal immunoadsorption. Lancet 337:1106, 1991

Guthrie TH, Oral A: Immunethromboctyopenia purpura: A pilot study of staphylococcal protein A immunomodulation in refractory patients. Semin Hematol 26:3, 1989

Kabisch A, Kroll H, Wedi B, Kiefel V, Pralle H, Mueller-Eckhardt C: Severe adverse effects of protein A immunoadsorption. Lancet 343:116, 1994

Dzik WH, Duncan LM: Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. A 55-year-old woman with a skin rash and hemiparesis after staphylococcal protein A column therapy. N Engl J Med 331:792, 1994

Marder VJ, Nusbacher J, Anderson FW: One-Year follow-up of plasma exchange therapy in 14 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Transfusion 21:291, 1981

Blanchette VS, Hogan VA, McCombie NE, Drouin J, Bormanis JD, Taylor R, Rock GA: Intensive plasma exchange therapy in ten patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Transfusion 24:388, 1984

Bussel JB, Saal S, Gordon B: Combined plasma exchange and intravenous gammaglobulin in the treatment of patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Transfusion 28:38, 1988

Figueroa M, McMillan R: 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in the treatment of chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 81:348 1993

Figueroa M, Gehlsen J, Hammond D, Ondreyco S, Piro L, Pomeroy T, Williams F, McMillan R: Combination chemotherapy in refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 328:1226, 1993

Proctor SJ, Jackson G, Carey P, Stark A, Finney R, Saunders P, Summerfield G, Maharaj D, Youart A: Improvement of platelet counts in steroid-unresponsive idiopathic immune thrombocytopenic purpura after short-course therapy with recombinant alpha 2b interferon. Blood 74:1894, 1989

Proctor SJ: Alpha interferon therapy in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Eur J Cancer 27:S63, 1991 (suppl 4)

Bellucci S, Bordessoule D, Coiffier B, Tabah I: Interferon alpha-2b therapy in adult chronic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Br J Haematol 73:578, 1989

Iannaccaro P, Molica S, Santoro R: Recombinant alpha-2b interferon in refractory idiopathic immune thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol 48:271, 1992

Dubbeld P, Hillen HFP, Schouten HC: Interferon treatment of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Eur J Haematol 52:233, 1994

Matthey F, Ardeman S, Jones L, Newland AC: Bleeding in immune thrombocytopenic purpura after alpha-interferon. Lancet 335:471, 1990

Hudson JG, Yates P, Scott GL: Further concern over use of alpha-interferon in immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Br J Haematol 82:630, 1992

Bartholomew JR, Salgia R, Bell WR: Control of bleeding in patients with immune and nonimmune thrombocytopenia with aminocaproic acid. Arch Intern Med 149:1959, 1989

 


 

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